Bag and process of making the same



H. F. WATERS 3 Sheets-Sibet 1 ll Ill-lllll lllllllllll lllllll V PUG/8L5 FPHES/VE ATTORNEY.

July 6, 1948.

BAG; AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME Original Filed May 14, 1940 lldl- I- |l-l 7 2 I fi u F A 6 July 6, 1948. H. F. WATERS 2,444,762

BAG AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME Original Filed May 14, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 HHRRYE WATERS.

HTTORIYEY July6, 1948. H. F. WATERS BAG AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME Original Filed May 14, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVEN TOR. W hf/l/TRYE n flrms. ma m-,4 am

HTTOE'NEY Patented July 6, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT orncs 2,444,7t2

BA Nnrnoos-ss F m suseirns sAMs Harry F. Waters, New York, N. Y. Original applicati n May 14, 1940, Serial No.

335,045 Divided andthis application July. 10, s ss l a 544 The present invention relatesto improvements in the bag making art and, more particularly,

to an improved form of bag of the type, having autom t ca y nineb t s'an t a me hod of producing the same.

act e f ass ed r pac ed produ ts, part cblar ood. duc s ba s. were used to a ubstantial extent which were provided with those automatic opening types of satchel or diamondfp ld bottom bags. The manipulations of the ma e n these ty ese bags ma e t e tr mely diiiipult, if not imppssibla to produce a, bottom which is sift-proof, Inthe past various attempts were made to make the bottom of thesetypes of bass s -pr of ei b usi a ppl me t patch member or by providing additional folds in the. bottom to obtain the same result. These att m we e t. a i faQ P Y ue 0. e. a th the we e pe v d. n, he tt n.-

anc ulted in the. u l sed-Q of mo e mat rial than can economically be allowed fol-"such purposes. Moreover, the methods involved in these procedures were rather complicated and could not be carried out by means of conve ntional machinery. iilthoug-h from time to'time various other suggestions and proposals were madeto solve the outstanding problem, none, as far asI am' aware, of these prior suggestions and proposals was completely satisfactory and successful on a practical and commercial scalel It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the foregoing difliculties and disadvantages experienced in the manufacture anduse of bags of the automatically opening bottom type;

It is another object of the present invention to provide a bag having a bottom of the automatically opening type in which complementary lines of adhesive are provided along predetermined lines of; the material of the bag which is subsequently going to form the bottom insuch ar w e elation and form acontin'uous clam or wall interppsed between the fold's of the bottom and the exterior of the bag. 7

t i a tun Qbi t or thepresei i en i to st rm? a ii-lzr f and ub nt ally u t ei has having es Qt, a suiiab jd. 1 m ec n. predeterm ned. e i n themes sa d. idhe i ave adapted be used. af er h eiion e it m t uctu e t9. u v rt t, ift-Pr m a d i s e a es subs a tia y flie t t, st u ure he nv n ion ls ens a e the, ere siq of er sie ermin d, eams. o he t stis quar a manner that these lines of adhesive into cooperating r ijgsthose skilled in the art know, in the manu- V of forming the bottom;

5 Claims. (01. sis-cs) of a bag having a non-fusible layer or coating thereon which in. the formed-up condition of: the

bag prevents such regions from fusing and adhering to each other upon the application-0f heatand pressure thereto. e I It is also within the contemplation of the present invention to provide a novel and improved method for the quantity production of sift-proof bags ofthe automatic opening bottom type which is simple in character and which maybe carried out with great facility on a practical and: industrial scale'by means ofexisting'ma-chinery without requiring any" complicated. and expensive changes.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description taken in" conjunction'with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates a plan view, somewhat fragment ary in character, of a. continuous web or strip of paper showing 'the manner in which the lines of adhesive are applied thereto before it is made into bags;

Fig. 2 depicts an end view ofthe tube formed from the web illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a' perspective. view of the end or bottom portion of the bag during the initial step Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a further step in making the bottom structure. of. the bag; Fig. 5 is a similarview of the resulting bot-tom structurei Fig. 6 illustrates a plan View of a web of flex.- ible "material havingflines of adhesive provided thereon for thepro vision of a sift proof'bottom structure;

Fig, '7 depicts a plan view the web illustrated in'Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 shows'the portions of the bag forming the bottom in their partially completed form;

- Fig. 9 is a similar vie'w. 'ofthe bottom portion of the bag shown in Figs. 6 to Sin its completed form prior to folding over the resulting tabs.

Broadly stated, according to the principles of the invention I obtain the desired sift-proof quality of the bottom'by providing'a suitable adhesive, preferably ofthe reactivable or fusible type, along predetermined lines on the material of the bag which is to form the bottom. This adhesive is provided in such regions and in such a manner that as soon as s converted of the other. side of we will behem th bet een. i s new where a dam 'or fusion seam the bottom and the exterior of the bag. This desirable result may be accomplished in various ways. Thus, when for simplicity of manufacture it is preferred to provide all of the adhesive regions on one side of the web, the web may be provided with longitudinal strips of adhesive adjacent to the side edges thereof. These longitudinal lines of adhesive are supplemented by a continuous line or strip of adhesive extending across the web in such a manner that upon the formation of the bottom structure these lines of adhesive will be brought into complementary or cooperative relation and into a' single plane. After the bottom has been formed, these cooperating lines of adhesive may be fused by the application of a heated pressure surface against the exterior of the bottom structure whereby a continuous dam of fused adhesive will be interposed between the interior and the exterior of the bag. As a modification of this concept, a Web of nonfusible sheet material may be provided with reactivable adhesive in predetermined regions of both sides thereof, said regions being constructed and arranged to be automatically brought into registering and cooperating position during the formation of the bottom structure. It is also possible to apply the principle of the invention to' bags of the so-called duplex type, in which generally a non-fusible external sheet or web and a fusible internal liner web are arranged in superposed position. In these types of bags the complete inner surface of the bag is fusible and in order to obtain the desired selective adhesion, it is necessary to render predetermined regions thereof non-fusible. This may be accomplished in various ways such as by applying a layer, or coating, of non-fusible material to such regions. This non-fusible layer may be constituted by a patch of paper, or of a coating material which is either non-fusible or, in case it is fusible, has a melting point which is higher than that of the fusible liner material. In this case, when after the formation of the bottom structure a heated pressure surface is applied to the bottom surface, only those regionswill be fused together is desired while the other regions of the inner surface of the bag remain unaffected. It will be noted that in all of these various forms of my invention the essential concept is to provide an automatically opening bottom in a bag which is originally not sift-proof and to finally convert this imperfect bottom structure into a completely sealed and sift-proof bottom structure by the app cation of heat and pressure to predetermined regions of the finished bottom surface.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1 to of the drawing, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described. A web I of suitable, non-fusible sheet material having a width determined by the dimensions of the bag to be produced is provided with longitudinal lines of a suitable adhesive 2 adjacent to the lateral edges thereof. In addition, a transverse line 3 of similar adhesive extends across the complete width of web I and connects longitudinal lines of adhesive 2. As it will be noted in Fig. 1, this transverse line of adhesive has horizontal portions and 5 extending across the portions of'the web subsequently forming the end panels of the finished bag and similar horizontal lines '6 and I extend across the portions of the web which are going-to form the main panels thereof. These horizontal lines of, adhesive are connected by means of longitudinal lines of adhesive 9, H), H

, reentrant'end panels longitudinal lines of course, this bottom would tion these incisions are generally provided at a later stage in the manufacture of the bag, their provision has been shown already in web I for convenience of description and illustration.

The first step in converting web I into a bag is to fold it along a plurality of longitudinal lines ll, [8,19, 20, 2! and 22 and thereby to convert it into a tube having main panels 23 and 24 and 25 and 26. At the same time adhesive 2 will be brought into aface to face relation and may be fused by means of a heat-sealing device. The general appearance of the tube' thus formed will, be readily seen in Fig. 2 of the drawing showing main panels 23 and 24, reentrant end panels 25 and 26, and turned-downlongitudinal fin 21 provided by the union of adhesive lines 2. After the tube having the dimensions of the desired bag is obtained, its terminal regions are squared-up to form the structure shown in Fig. 3, this being part of the conventional procedure in forming a bag of the automatically opening bottom type. The terminal portions of end walls 25 and 26 may now befolded down flat towards each other. This will result in the structure illustrated in Fig. 4 showing the terminal regions of end walls 25 and 26folded towards each other and the terminal portions of main panels 23 and 24, including tabs l5 and l 6, extending flat into opposite directions. It will be readily appreciated that in this position of the bottom structure, adhesive lines 6 and 7 of the main panels will be in a cooperating and contacting relation with adhesive lines l0 and II, and I2 and 9, respectively. Likewise, adhesive lines 4 and 5 extending across the terminal edges of end panels 25 and 26 will be brought into a cooperating and contacting position and may be turned down fiat to form a bottom fin 28. In other words, all of these cooperating lines of adhesive have been brought into a single plane, to wit: that of the main panels. After these preliminary steps have been accomplished, tabs 16 and I5 may be folded into an overlapping position and may be secured together by a spot of adhesive 29 provided on the larger tab 15. This step completes the bottom structure and provides a conventional automatically opening bottom of the so-called ABC type depicted in Fig. 5. 0f

not be any more siftproof orleak-proof than that of a bag made by the conventional procedure. However, this bag having an imperfect closure at the bottom region thereof may be converted in a simple and completely satisfactory manner into a bag having a completely and positively sift-proof bottom structure by the application of heat and pressure to the upper surface of the bottom structure. This may be accomplished in various ways well known to those skilled in the art such as for example, by applying a, heated pressure plate against the upper surface of the flattened bottom structure. I prefer to apply a resilient and yielding backing surface to the other side of the resulting structure as this is more fully described in my U. S. Patent No. 2,125,758 issued to me on August 2, 1938. The effect of heat and pressure will fuse the cooperating lines of adhesive together and these fused lines of adhesive will form positively leak proof and-sift-proofseams between' tlie ioldsof 'the bot'tom; It will be readily understood that these seams will positively 'seal the bottomst'ructure and-will prevent tlieleakageof material-i'roi-"n the bag:

Figs- 6 and 9illustratea'modified- 'embodiment of"the*invention;- While' iri th'e':embodiment described in theforegoingallof the lines orfusi-ble adhesive have beenapplied 'to' onefac'e of the web fromwhich the bag is for-med; in the 'erm bo'diment now to be d'escribed aiportio f the adhesive lines is: provided? on" one fa c web and v another: portionr-thereof :is providedion the other face ofitheiweb: The-appearanceroi the web is shown in: Figs; 6 and? '7iillustrating a portion of the web: in proximityitothe terminal reg-ions; thereofz- Of course, in actual practice the web: is provided int. substantial lengths. and-' the lines of" adhesive arrange'diin theiproper QJHdPSllilI- able fconfiguration are' repeated 'satipredetermined distancescorresp'onding .zt rthe 'len'gtlr of wthe in diviclual bags to be formed: As it'wil-l be noted in Fig.1 6,". essentially a we'b 1 31.: of nonfusible sheet' likeand' flexible material is provided. In the terminal region's-oft web 31.; It provide U- shaped lines32 and-3360f 'anfadhesive of suitable character; the" horizontal portions of 3t and 35 ,-v respectivelyextend transversely' across the' portions mfrweb 3 I" which are subsequently forming main panels 36''.an'di31 Thelongitudi nally or" downwardly extending portions 5 of the U -shaped adhesiveare: denoted by reference'charaoters 38 39 ,t dfl and Ms Conventional incisions -42, and .43 are provided in- .the terrninal regionsof mainpanels'fifiand 31 and-provideoone ventionaltabs M andfl-dfi: Ajrdeposit or coating of fusible adhesive-is also provided on :thewinner surface: of tab' 44: Due tothe factthat thistype of bag is. contemplated with alapctype seam, onezof the longitudinal lines ofv adhesiveBS-ape pears at-theright vlateral rextremity of"- the web but will :be brought into a position: which it will form continuation ofi adhesive dine M atter web-3i has-been converted: into a tube.

The other'si'de ofwe'b 3 If which is subsequently going to'form' th'e outer-surface :of the bag isdepicted in Fig. 7; lt will be'nQted that.theweb-is provided with transverse-dines of f adhesive-- ex tending" throughout": the width ofthe web with the exception of'tabs w'rand Mr Thu's trans verse line of adhesive extends across end panel 4'!"and a portion-of main panel-31 A'si-milar transverse line of i adhesive 48 extendssacrosswthe remaining portion f main :panel 31; the acornple'te 'wldth of.endpaheMH'tand'part' of the width of main panel 353- A-dhesiveline" 50% extends through the remainlngp'ortion 'of main panel 36. Adhesivelinen issomewhat narrower than lin-es seam il andprovides a narrow, uncoated mar gin '58, the-'ob'ject of which'wlll appearore-fully hereinafter.

In forming 'the bag; web -3lis' folded-* alonga plurality'of longitudinal linesik 52, 535 54} 55 and 56 -to form a tub'ehaving 'main panels and '31 and endh panels 4'1" and 49, respectively, and the lateral -m'arginal portions thereof are secured together in the form of i a lap 'seam by means of a-longitudinal =line of adhesive fi'l? Of course,this adhesivemay be of any suitable type, such as ordinary glue, and-does not 'haw e tdbe of a'fusible character; Due totheiaotthatthe stepsin forming-the-bag-and its bottomstructure from the web are identical with thos'wds'ori-bed irr connectiomwitlrthe previous embodiinentof the inventiongno detailed: description thereof will -be necessaryi It uffi'eie'nt to statei'that aft'er-- olditig the te lregioh'si ofit'he end anels togetner an 1 dingthe -terniinal por tions of tlie ma'iripanels into opposite-directions, thestructure in Figs 9 'is obtained The: arrange m'e'ntand tlie 'coop'eration of ithe various' strips of i fusible adhesive will be best understood from Fig. s showing portions of 'thebottom structure lifted up for-the sake ofclarity. It will be noted. that in thisassembled position of" the bottom structure; the transverse-'- portions" 34?.and 35 of the 'U shaped lihes'of adheSiveh'aV' -be'en"brought into a face toface relation with'their'correspond inglongitudinal. portions ea -and 3 Gland-'4 0 audit 1 respectively? Likewise; the transverse strips of adhe'sive dfiiim and- 50' are brought into" adjacent positions and are eiq'aose'd to the exteriors Pref erably the length of these portions' is so' deter-' mined-that I the marginalportions bearing the a'dh'esi'i' e lines 46" and 5B" slightly overlap 'li'ne -tfl and are-resting on the n'a-r-ro'w and-' clear' strip 58l This will-prevent any adhesive leaking: intozthe interior of I the bag during the subsequent heat seali-hg 'operatiorlf Hreaite'r, the extensions of main panels-36 and 3-1 ending in -'t'abs"M*.-a'nd 45', respectively, are folded 'into an overlapping lposi tio'n-- to comple'te th'e botton'i structure and may be secured in suchposition by means of a-"spot of adhesive 59"provi'ded on 'the inner surface of'tab 45E Inthiscompleted p'osition oi the bottom structure, the por-tions"'-ofadhesive lines ifi and 'ta beyond fold IinesSU- and-"BI will cover theportions of'such' adhesiye 'li'nes between said fold' lines and -tllereby 'w'ill be brought into a face to face relation therewith Thus; all'of the folds in the bottom structure are provided witlrcooperating lines of adhesive at thternii'nal regions thereof and suchcooperati'v lines I of an hesive may be-fused to'gether bythe application of a heated pressure surface against thaou'ter surface of the:finished bottom structure. 1 This will provide a plurality of heat sealed seams ahd will convert the -b'ottom structure. into one of positively leak proof and sift proof'"ch'aractern The materials employed 'in the bags embodying the invention 1 may be' of various; character according to the packaging problem contemplated." The non' fus'ible" web is g'enerallyf constitu'ted of paper" although other materials of l a non-fusible character, such as metal foils, may be employed with equalorsirnil'arresults; The fusible adhesive may beconstituted' of a suitable rubbery material,' such as rubber hydro chloride; achlorinated" rubber compound-sold un'derthe name Pliofilm, andvarious--synthetic resins of which aviny lresin sold under the name of Vinyliteis anexample. These fusible ad hesives are preferably applied to the surface of the" non-fusible web by means of 1 a* printing, coatingorsp'reading process -in the form? of a solution in a volatile solvent. The preferred-ma terial for the fusible liner of the duplex'bag em- It will be' notedthat the present inventionp'ro vides'"'various novel typesof' bags'of the automatica lly' opening bottom type" having a compltely---sift-proof'- *and in "many -oases "even -fluidtight character. Of course;- these' important-new otherim ertantadvantagesot' the present invention reside in the circumstance. that as far as actual mechanical manipulations of'the sheetlike material are concerned, these are similarto the manipulations followed in making conventional bags of the automatically opening bottom type so that existing machinery may be used with slight changes. The critically important difference resides in the provision of my adhesive lines or non-fusible regions of special arrangement which are subsequently brought into complementary and cooperating position and which may be subsequently fused together into a sift-proof or fluid-tight structure by the simple expedient of applying a hot pressure surface thereto. Therefore, my novel bags may be readily manufactured on a quantity production scale with existing machinery, which only has to be supplemented with a heat sealing device of appropriate character.

Although the present invention has been described in connection'with a few preferred embodiments thereof, variations and modifications may be resorted to by those skilled in the art without departing from. the principles of the present invention. Thus, although I have shown principally bags having reentrant end walls, which are generally referred to in the art as ABC bags, obviously, the same inventive concept may be employed for bags of the typein which the end walls are folded outwardly along their medial lines and which are referred to in the trade as satches type or diamond fold type bags. I consider all of these variations and modifications as within the true spirit and scope of the present invention as described in the foregoing description and defined by the appended claims.

This application is a division of application Ser. No. 335,045, filed May 15, 1940, issued as Patent No. 2,353,606, July 11, 1944.

I claim:

1. A bag of the automatically opening bottom type which comprises in combination a tube of non-fusible sheet material folded longitudinally along a plurality of lines to form a pair of side panels and a pair of main panels connected to said side panels, a, preformed rectangular bottom structure-flattened in the plane of said main panels constituted of extensions of said side panels folded towards each other and of the resulting tabs folded over each other, U-shaped lines of fusible adhesive on the inner surface of the portions of said bottom structure forming extensions of said main panels, said U-shaped lines opening toward the outermost free edges of the main panel flaps, and lines of adhesive on the outer surface of the end marginal portions of the extensions of said side panels, said lines of adhesive being in register with each other and to be fused together by the application of a heated surface to a substantially fluid-tight and-sift- ,proofbottom closure of the automatically opening type.

2. A bag of the automatically opening bottom type which comprises in combination a tube of non-fusible sheet material folded longitudinally along a plurality of lines to form a pair of side panels and a pair of main panels connected to said side panels, a pair of incisions in each of said main panels providing a tab at the end of each of said panels, a preformed rectangular bottom structure flattened in the plane of said main panels including the lower marginal edges of said side panels folded towards each other into a slightly overlapping position and the lower ends of said main panels and tabs folded over each other, a U-shaped line of fusible adhesive surrounding each of said tabs on the inner surface of said tube and opening towards the outermost free edge of the main panel flaps, and transverse lines of fusible adhesive on the lower marginal edges of said side panels on the outer surface of said tube, said U-shaped lines of adhesive and said transverse lines of adhesive being folded into a cooperating and face to face position and being fused to a substantially fluidtight structure by the application of heat against the surface of said bottom structure.

3. The process of making a bag of the automatically opening bottom type which comprises providing a web of flexible non-fusible sheet material, applying a strip of a fusible adhesive adjacent to each of the longitudinal edges of saidweb, folding said web along a plurality of longitudinal lines to bring said longitudinal strips of adhesive into a face to face relationship and to form a-tube having a pair of main panels and a pair of reentrant side panels connecting said main panels, fusing said strips of adhesive to form a longitudinal fin-type seam, applying spaced continuous lines of fusible adhesive transversely extending across said main and said side panels in a staggered position and having longitudinally extending portions connecting the same, folding the terminal portions of said panels into a rectangular overlapping bottom-forming position and thereby bringing said transversely extending lines of adhesive into a cooperating and face to face position in the plane of the resulting bottom structure, applying heat and pressure against the outer surface of the resulting bottom structure to simultaneously fuse said cooperating lines of adhesive and to convert them into dams effectively preventing the escape of fluid from said tube through the intervals of the superposedlayer in said bottom structure, and severing'the resulting bag from said tube.

4. The process of making a bag of the automaticall opening bottom type which comprises providing a web of non-fusible sheet material, applying a'strip of a fusible adhesive adjacent to each of the longitudinal edges of said web, folding said web along a plurality of longitudinal lines to bring said strips of adhesive into a face to face relationship and to form a tube having a pair of main panels and a pair of reentrant side panels connecting said main panels, fusing said strips of adhesive to form a longitudinal fin-type seam, applying spaced continuous lines of fusible adhesive connecting said longitudinal strips of adhesive across said web, said lines of adhesive extending transversely across said main and said side panels in a staggered relation and having longitudinal connecting portions, making a pair of spaced incisions in each of said main panels to provide a closure flap therein, folding the terminal portionsof said panels and said flaps into an overlapping rectangular bottom-forming position and thereby bringing the transverse lines of adhesive on said side panels into registering position with each other and the transverse lines of adhesive on said main panels into a registering and face to face position with said connecting portions of adhesive substantially in the plane of the resulting bottom structure, severing the resulting bag from said tube, and subsequently applying a heated pressu e plate against the upper face of said bottom structure and a resiliently yielding backing plate against the other face of said structure whereby said cooperating lines of adhesive are fused and form dams interposed between the folds of said bottom structure and the exterior of the bag.

5. The process of making a bag of the automatically opening bottom type which comprises providing a web of non-fusible sheet material, folding said web along a plurality of longitudinal lines and adhesively securing together the side edges thereof to form a tube having a pair of main panels and a pair of reentrant side panels connecting said main panels, applying downwardly directed U-shaped lines of fusible adhesive to the terminal regions of the inner surface of said main panels, applying transverse lines of such adhesive to the terminal edges of the outer surface of said panels, squaring up the terminal portions of said panels at right angles to the plane of said main panels, folding over said side panels into an overlapping position whereby the longitudinal portions of said U- shaped lines of adhesive will be brought into a registering position with the transverse portion thereof and said transverse lines of adhesive on the other side of said webyvill be brought into an adjacent position, folding the terminal regions of said main panels over each other to bring the 10 end portions of said adjacent lines of adhesive in contact with their intermediate portions, severing the bag thus formed from said tube, and subsequently applying a heated pressure surface to the outer face of the bottom structure to fuse said cooperating lines of adhesive together and to convert them into dams effectively sealing the interior of said bag from the exterior.

HARRY F. WATERS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 519,916 Lorenz et a1. May 15, 1894 520,587 Claussen May 29, 1894 1,158,042 Genest Oct. 26, 1915 1,264,497 Field Apr. 30, 1918 1,484,383 Appel Feb. 19, 1924 1,605,481 Taggart Nov. 2, 1926 1,903,286 Coty Apr. 4, 1933 1,973,391 Reynolds et al. Sept. 11, 1934 1,988,265 Collings et al Jan. 15, 1935 2,177,894 Lakso Oct. 31, 1939 2,353,311 Karlson July 11, 1944 2,353,605 Waters July 11, 1944 

